Atlas of Hematology

The effects of Ankaferd® Blood Stopper on transcription factors in HUVEC and the erythrocyte protein profile
OBJECTIVE: Ankaferd® Blood Stopper (ABS) is an herbal extract that has historically been used as a hemostatic agent in traditional Turkish medicine. ABS is comprised of a standardized herbal mixture of T. vulgaris, G. glabra, V. vinifera, A. officinarum, and U. dioica. ABS’s basic mechanism of action is the formation of an encapsulated protein web, which represents the focal point for vital erythrocyte masses. The hemostatic effects of ABS have been observed in vitro and in vivo. ABS was registered as a hemostatic agent for external hemorrhages and dental bleeding following phase I randomized, double-blind crossover placebo-controlled clinical research, and safety and efficacy reports. In terms of the potential use of ABS, transcription factors may be novel factors that play a role in the hemostatic and other pleiotropic effects of ABS.METHODS: Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ABS on endothelium, and possible transcription factor changes in HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) and the erythrocyte membrane profile. ABS (5 µL and 50 µL) was administered to HUVEC (in 75 cm2; ~75% fullness) for 5 min and 15 min.RESULTS: ABS caused significant increases in the level of activation of the following transcription factors; AP2, AR, CRE/ATF1, CREB, E2F1-5, E2F6, EGR, GATA, HNF-1, ISRE, Myc-Max, NF-1, NFkB, p53, PPAR, SMAD 2/3, SP1, TRE/AP1, and YY1. Following erythrocyte membrane isolation, protein complexes were undissolved, but denatured. The protein complex formed was resistant to heat and detergent. Trypsin and sonication were used in order to break this complex; the complex dissolved and erythrocyte membrane proteins were released in SDS-PAGE. CONCLUSION: ABS established a very fast and solid protein web, and increased the level of transcription factor activation. Therefore the cellular effects of ABS could be related to different intracellular biological pathways.

Authors: Erkan Yılmaz, Şükrü Güleç, Didem Torun, İbrahim Celalettin Haznedaroğlu, Nejat Akar

Keywords: Ankaferd®, endotel, transkripsiyon faktörleri, eritrosit

Year: 2011
Number: 4
Referance No: 00378

Figure 1. The red blood cell membrane and and its proteins
Figure 2. Transcription Factor Profile After Ankaferd® Treatment
Figure 3. Transcription Factor Profile After Ankaferd® Treatment
Figure 4. Microscopic View of Erythrocytes Following ABS Treatment
Figure 5. Sds-Page of Abs-Treated Erythrocytes. Lanes 1-4: Trypsin and Sonication After Heat (100°C) and Detergent Treatment. Lane 5:Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins Treated with Heat and Detergent

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